Article type
20 articles
All articlesRrita Bajraktari & Marcus Munafò
Scientific communication is often assumed to prioritize objectivity, yet persuasive strategies may subtly distort research interpretation. While the spread of errors in research is often attributed to methodological or statistical biases (Świątkowski & Dompnier, 2017), rhetorical strategies are less…
Florian Kohrt, Filip Melinscak, Richard McElreath & Felix Schönbrodt
Reproductions, which we define as “redoing activities” that work with the same collected data (or simulation source code) and aim to keep the computation as similar as possible, enable the verification of a scientific work. We seek to advance the understanding and conduct of reproductions by…
Serge P. J. M. Horbach, Nicki Lisa Cole, Simone Kopeinik, Barbara Leitner, Tony Ross-Hellauer & Joeri Tijdink
Reproducibility of research is a hotly debated topic, including aspects like causes and consequences of low levels of reproducibility. While some research fields have led the way and introduced various reproducibility practices and procedures, the call for efforts to ‘improve’ reproducibility in…
Ayumi Ikeda, Fumiya Yonemitsu, Naoto Yoshimura, Kyoshiro Sasaki & Yuki Yamada
The Open Science Framework (OSF) is a free and open-source platform for managing research projects (Elliott et al., 2021). The OSF is a flagship product of the Center for Open Science, Inc. (COS), whose mission is to increase the openness, integrity, and reproducibility of scientific research. It is…
François Léonard & Ezio Tirelli
Introduction: In recent decades, concerns have been raised about the validity and reliability of many research results. Inadequate research practices, including insufficient statistical power, have contributed to the replication crisis. The statistical tests of numerous studies in the…
Lukas K. Sotola
Affective polarization, people’s emotional attachment to their own party and dislike of rival parties, has been a growing area of interest in recent decades. However, studies on affective polarization have tended to use difference score measures to capture affective polarization. Specifically, it is…
Moin Syed
If a study is preregistered, but nobody checks it during review, does it mean anything? The purpose of this preregistered study was to better understand how editors and reviewers engage with preregistration plans during the review process. The article set was retrieved from the PLOS family of…
Mark Rubin
The inflation of Type I error rates is thought to be one of the causes of the replication crisis. Questionable research practices such as p -hacking are thought to inflate Type I error rates above their nominal level, leading to unexpectedly high levels of false positives in the literature and,…
Moin Syed
Knowledge and implementation of open science principles and behaviors remains uneven across the sciences, despite over 10 years of intensive education and advocacy. One reason for the slow and uneven progress of the open science movement is a set of closely held myths about the implications of open…
Sigrid E. M. Heinsbroek, Vincent Bontrop, Rutger P. Chorus & C. Michel Zwaan
The rationale behind a Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC) negative decision is always shared directly with the applicants. However, insight into the review process and common reasons for a negative decision may also be valuable for other researchers, clinical research organizations and people…
Maximilian Linde, Merle-Marie Pittelkow, Nina R. Schwarzbach & Don van Ravenzwaaij
Practicing open science can have benefits for the career prospects of individual researchers or labs through higher quality work and increased chances of publication. However, being an outspoken advocate of open science might also indirectly benefit individual scientific careers, in the form of…
Erkan O. Buzbas & Berna Devezer
A core problem that has been addressed in the scientific reform movement so far is the low rates of reproducibility of research results. Mainstream reform literature has aimed at increasing reproducibility rates by implementing procedural changes in research practice and scientific policy. At the…
Arielle Bennett, Daniel Garside, Cassandra Gould van Praag, Thomas J. Hostler, Ismael Kherroubi Garcia, Esther Plomp, Antonio Schettino, Samantha Teplitzky & Hao Ye
The Scientific Reform Movement has highlighted the need for large research teams with diverse skills. This has necessitated the growth of professional team infrastructure roles (TIRs) who support research through specialised skills, but do not have primary responsibility for conceiving or leading…
Crystal N. Steltenpohl, Hilary Lustick, Melanie S. Meyer, Lindsay Ellis Lee, Sondra M. Stegenga, Laurel Standiford Reyes & Rachel L. Renbarger
Discussions around transparency in open science focus primarily on sharing data, materials, and coding schemes, especially as these practices relate to reproducibility. This fairly quantitative perspective of transparency does not align with all scientific methodologies. Indeed, qualitative…
Robert T. Thibault, Charlotte R. Pennington & Marcus R. Munafò
Clinical trials are routinely preregistered. In psychology and the social sciences, however, only a small percentage of studies are preregistered, and those preregistrations often contain ambiguities. As advocates strive for broader uptake and effective use of preregistration, they can benefit from…
Thomas J. Hostler
It is acknowledged that conducting open research requires additional time and effort compared to conducting ‘closed’ research. However, this additional work is often discussed only in abstract terms, a discourse which ignores the practicalities of how researchers are expected to find the time to…
Mark Rubin
Metascientists have studied questionable research practices in science. The present article considers the parallel concept of questionable metascience practices (QMPs). A QMP is a research practice, assumption, or perspective that has been questioned by several commentators as being potentially…
Joeri van Hugten
This paper introduces the practice of complementary explanation; the practice of taking a published result and writing a focused paper that rigorously and systematically describes the implications for a theory that would be rejected by those results. Such spotlighting of a rejected theory…
Nicole Nelson
This short essay argues for an expanded conception of publication bias. In addition to considering the selective publication of results, I argue that we need to also consider the selective publication of epistemic by-products—observations and knowledge that scientists accumulate incidentally in the…
Kristel De Groot
Studies in the field of psychology often employ (computerized) behavioral tasks, aimed at mimicking real-world situations that elicit certain actions in participants. Such tasks are for example used to study risk propensity, a trait-like tendency towards taking or avoiding risk. One of the most…
